Saturday 7 February 2009

Adopted Children - UK Visa and Immigration



This guidance explains what the Immigration Rules say about adopted children coming to join one or both of their parents in the United Kingdom (UK), and about children coming to the UK to be adopted.

You must be able to show that:
  • You currently live and are settled in the UK legally, with no time limit on your stay, and
  • You can support your child and provide somewhere to live without needing help from public funds.


For your child to qualify to join you in the UK, you, or your child, must show that he or she:

  • cannot support themselves financially, is not married and is not living independently away from their parents
  • is under 18 years of age
  • was adopted when both parents lived together abroad or when one or the other parent was settled in the UK
  • has the same rights as any other child of the adoptive parents
  • was adopted because their birth parents could not care for them and there has been a full and genuine transfer of parental responsibility
  • has broken all ties with their birth family, and
  • was not adopted just to make it easier to enter the UK.


Your adopted child must get a visa before they travel to the UK, unless they qualify for a passport issued by an EEA member state.


Under the Adoptions with a Foreign Element Regulations 2005, it is now an offence for prospective adoptive parents to bring a child into the UK to adopt them, unless the adoptive parents have met all the legal requirements. The penalty for not following legal requirements is an unlimited fine or up to 12 months’ imprisonment (or both).


The Adoptions with a Foreign Element Regulations 2005 aim to prevent people from bringing children into the UK to adopt them unless:

  • the adoptive parents have already been assessed and approved by a local council or a voluntary adoption agency (VAA), and
  • their suitability has been approved by the Secretary of State for Education and Skills.


To avoid committing an offence, these regulations say that prospective adoptive parents in England and Wales must already have:

  • applied to a local council or VAA for approval of their suitability to adopt a child
  • successfully completed the assessment process
  • received confirmation, in writing, of the adoption agency’s decision to approve them as suitable adoptive parents, and
  • received notification, in writing, from the Secretary of State for Education and Skills that they are prepared to issue a ‘certificate of eligibility’.


Within 14 days of the prospective adoptive parents' arrival in the UK with a child, they must tell their local council of their intention to adopt the child. Once the council has received this notification, the child will become a protected child under section 22 of the Adoption Act 1976 and will be monitored by the council under sections 32 and 33.


It is strongly recommend to read the Home Office's guidance on Inter-Country Adoption and the Immigration Rules, which can be found on the UK Border Agency website:
Inter-Country Adoption and the Immigration Rules


How long can my adopted child stay?


If your child was adopted in a designated country and both you and your husband, wife or civil partner are settled in the UK, or if you alone are responsible for the child, they will normally be allowed to stay permanently in the UK from the date they arrive.

If your child has not been adopted in a designated country, they will normally be allowed to stay in the UK for 12 months so the adoption process can continue through the UK courts.


Will my adopted child automatically become a British citizen?


Your child will only become a British citizen if you adopted them through the UK courts and at least one of you (as their adoptive parents) was a British citizen when the adoption order was made.

Does my adopted child need a visa?

All adopted children coming to the UK need a visa before they travel unless they qualify for a passport issued by an EEA member state.

How do I apply for a visa for my adopted child?

You can apply in a number of ways, for example by post, by courier, in person and online. The visa section will tell you about the ways in which you can apply.

Some visa sections will only accept visa applications made online. To find out if you can apply for your visa online please visit www.visa4uk.fco.gov.uk

If you cannot apply online, you will need to fill in a visa application form (VAF 4 – Settlement). You can download the form from this website, or get one free of charge from your nearest visa application centre.

You should apply for entry clearance for an adopted child in the country of which the child is a national or where they legally live.

In some countries, if you are applying for a visa to stay in the UK for more than six months, you may need to be tested for active tuberculosis before we will accept your application. You can find out if you need to be tested by using our Do I need a visa? questionnaire on the homepage of this website, or by contacting your nearest visa application centre.

What will I need to make an application for my adopted child?


You will need to make your child's application online or fill in a visa application form:

Application form VAF4 - Settlement

Settlement form guidance notes


You will also need the following:

  • The adopted child’s passport or travel document.
  • A recent passport-sized (45mm x 35mm), colour photograph of the child. This should be:
    • taken against a light coloured background
    • clear and of good quality, and not framed or backed
    • printed on normal photographic paper, and
    • full face and without sunglasses, hat or other head covering unless they wear this for cultural or religious reasons (but the face must not be covered).
  • The visa fee. This cannot be refunded and you must normally pay it in the local currency of the country where you are applying.
  • Supporting documents relevant to the application.


What is 'biometric' information?


All UK visa applicants, save for those benefiting from a limited number of exemptions and exceptions, are required to provide biometric data (10-digit finger scans and a digital photograph) as part of the application process.

You will have to go to your nearest visa application centre in person to provide your biometrics. In those countries where there is no visa application centre, you will need to go to the British mission.

Your visa application will not be processed until you have provided the necessary biometric information. The finger scans are electronic so staff do not need to use any ink, liquid or chemicals. You will have your digital photograph taken at the same time and the whole procedure should take no more than five minutes to complete. You should make sure that you do not have any decoration (such as henna), or any cuts or other markings on your fingertips before having your finger scans. You should also make sure that if you have any cuts and bruises on your face, they have healed or disappeared before you have your photograph taken. Digital photographs must be of your full face and you should not wear sunglasses, a hat or any other head covering (unless you wear it for cultural or religious reasons but the face must not be covered).

What supporting documents should I include with the application?

You should include all the documents you can to show that the child qualifies for entry to the UK as your adopted child. If you do not, we may refuse the application.

As a guide, you should include the following.

  • The child’s original birth certificate, showing its name at birth.
  • A report from the overseas equivalent of the UK’s Social Services Department giving the child’s full history and how the adoption came about, or, if the child is related to you, a full statement in writing from you as the adoptive parent.
  • A certificate of abandonment from the authorities previously responsible for the child, if the child has been abandoned.
  • The adoption order.

The Entry Clearance Officer will try to make a decision using the application form and supporting documents you have provided. If this is not possible, they will need to interview you.

Please check your child’s visa when you get it. You should make sure that:

  • the child’s personal details are correct
  • it correctly states the purpose for which the child wants to come to the UK, and
  • it is valid for the date on which you want to travel. (You can ask for it to be post-dated for up to three months if the child will not be travelling immediately).

Thursday 5 February 2009

Medical Visa, Visa for Medical Treatment



Persons who require medical examination
Any person who intends to remain in the UK for more than 6 months should normally be referred for a medical examination. If the person declines, he or she can be refused. Longstanding policy has been for the Immigration Officer to refer to the Port Medical Inspector on arrival anyone who mentions health or medical treatment as a reason for their visit, appears to be unwell or is seeking entry for more than 6 months and comes from a country with high incidence of TB. Additionally, an ECO has discretion to refer any other person for an examination if necessary.

A returning resident may not be refused entry on medical grounds, although an Immigration Officer can require the person to undergo a medical examination on arrival in the UK.
The following should normally be referred for a medical examination (subject to local practice decided by individual Posts - see below) before you decide whether to issue an entry clearance.

  1. Work Permit holders and dependants, including those entering under the Training and Work Experience Scheme or as seasonal workers, intending to stay longer than six months.
  2. All dependants of persons settled in the UK applying for settlement.
  3. Long term students, i.e. those who intend a stay over 6 months, and their dependants.
The following applicants should always be referred for a medical examination:
  1. Those who appear bodily dirty.
  2. Those whose condition might interfere with their ability to support themselves and their dependants.
Adopting a policy on medical referrals at Post

UK Border Agency, Visa Services Directorate recognise that many Posts will not need to maintain strict adherence to these medical requirements e.g. where a Post is satisfied that the health care system in the host country provides adequate guarantees that applicants for entry clearance will be in good health.

Each Post must have a clear policy on medical referrals which, if different from those recommended below, should be defensible in the light of local and (where appropriate) regional factors.

Where Posts consider that there are difficulties in following guidance in this chapter on resource or other grounds, they should report the problem to UK Border Agency, Visa Services Directorate.


The role of the Entry Clearance Officer

Where a medical referral is required for an applicant, the ECO may not issue an entry clearance without medical clearance.

An ECO is not expected to make any professional medical judgements. These are matters for the Medical Officer and Medical Referee (see below).


The recommended medical referral procedure

The Medical Officer (or designated doctor) undertakes a medical examination of an applicant when referred by an ECO.

Form PQ must be completed. The applicant completes questions 1 - 3 and the Medical Officer signs at 4. The Medical Officer will then complete the remaining questions 5 - 7. The applicant must supply two photographs, one of which the Medical Officer endorses with the words "I certify that this is a true likeness of ........". The Medical Officer then passes the completed form PQ together with the photographs directly to the Medical Referee.

The Medical Referee should enter a recommendation at the end of the form PQ, complete form XY on which the decision should be noted in code, and sign the photograph already endorsed by the Medical Officer. Both forms together with the photographs should then be sent directly to the ECO by the Referee.


Form XY is specially textured and must be ordered from the FCO catalogue. Copies must not be used.



Medical Officers, Medical Referees and their responsibilities

While the recommended procedure for arranging medical clearance is for each Post to appoint a Medical Officer (who does the medical examination) and a Medical Referee (who assesses whether the applicant can be medically cleared and reports accordingly to the ECO), Posts may adopt their own variants on this procedure provided that a reputable doctor always recommends on the question of medical clearance to the ECO.

For example, in Posts where large numbers of medical referrals are made, separate Medical Officers and Medical Referees are normally appointed. Elsewhere, however, the role of Medical Officer and Medical Referee can be combined.


When appropriate, the Medical Referee may recommend that a person should not be issued with an entry clearance until he/she has undergone a course of treatment, or until after a stipulated length of time.

The Referee may also recommend that the person undergo a course of medical treatment after arrival in the UK.

Medical Officers must not be asked to examine women to establish whether they have had sexual intercourse or given birth to children. A chest X-ray is not required for pregnant women nor for children aged under 11 years.


Who pays for the examination for a medical referral



The costs of any examination must be borne by the applicant. However, Medical Referees fees can be paid by Posts and charged to the UK Department of Health. Agreement to pay these fees, (or increase existing fees), must be approved by the UK Department of Health in advance. Cases should be made to:


Department of Health
Aspects of Public Health Unit
Room 601A
Skipton House
80 London Road
LONDON SE1 6LH
Tel: 020 7972 2000


Voluntary medical clearance


There may be applications where the ECO will not require an applicant to be medically cleared but is asked by the applicant whether medical clearance is advisable.

Voluntary medical clearance may be encouraged for any person intending to remain in the UK for longer than six months on the grounds that under the Rules an Immigration Officer may require such evidence before admission.

Travellers who arrange their own medical clearance should be advised to take evidence of this with them so that they can show it to the Immigration Officer if required.


Issuing entry clearance after medical recommendation


You may issue an entry clearance once medical clearance has been received. The certified photo should be attached to the XY form and authenticated so that the stamp covers a portion of both the photo and the form.

Form XY may then be handed to the person concerned with an instruction that it be produced to the Immigration Officer at the port of arrival.

Additionally, and when issuing entry clearance to work permit holders, the work permit/card should be endorsed "med/X-ray" (or "med", if no X-ray was undertaken) and authenticated with the official stamp. The uncertified photo should be attached to the permit/card and similarly authenticated.


Long term students


Many sponsored students are medically examined for the sponsor before their award is confirmed. In such cases, you should ask to see evidence that the student has been declared medically fit to accept the award. If the evidence is satisfactory, you need not ask for further medical clearance. In these circumstances, when the entry clearance is issued you should advise the applicant to take the medical evidence when travelling to the UK so that it can be produced to the Immigration Officer if required.


When there are compassionate grounds


When a Medical Referee recommends refusal of admission to the UK but you consider there are compassionate aspects which might outweigh any medical considerations, you should refer the case for a decision to the Home Office, with copies of form PQ and XY together with all related correspondence.
Referrals should be sent to Entry Clearance referrals, NCC2, UK Border Agency, through the Home Office referrals mailbox. Supporting material should be scanned and sent by email.


Refusal resulting from medical recommendation



When an ECO decides to refuse entry clearance as a result of a recommendation by the Medical Referee, the applicant’s passport should be endorsed "EC Applied For/Med" and Forms PQ and XY retained.
Whether the refusal attracts a full right of appeal or a limited right of appeal depends on the reason for entry to the UK. For example, a visitor cannot appeal: a student can. When an appeal is made, the medical report must be annexed to the explanatory statement. If the results of an X-ray examination have formed part of the evidence in a refusal, the original X-ray(s) must be included with the report.

If you refuse a work permit holder or a seasonal agricultural workers scheme card holder after a medical referral, you should return the relevant permit/work card together with an explanatory covering note to UK Border Agency, PO Box 3468, Sheffield, S3 8WA.


Refusal wording



The refusal wording should read "... I have received confirmation from the Medical Referee that it is undesirable to admit you to the United Kingdom for medical reasons and I am not satisfied that there are strong compassionate reasons justifying your admission .."


Assessment of age



A physical examination by a doctor can be helpful in establishing the age of persons from countries without reliable systems of birth registration. But such assessments are approximations which need to be considered along with other evidence of age.

The use of X-rays to assess age is not admissible. Medical Officers/Referees should not be asked to use radiological data when giving age assessments.


Persons with a serious (e.g. terminal) illness


If an applicant for entry clearance has a serious illness e.g. HIV/AIDS you should decide on the application under the provisions of the Rules or, if in doubt, refer it to NCC2, Home Office.

The fact that an applicant has a serious illness is not sufficient grounds in itself for you to exercise discretion in issuing an entry clearance. Where in any case it appears that public health may be at risk, advice should be sought from the Department of Health.

You must refer all such persons to the Medical Officer/Referee (see above) for a medical examination which should contain a recommendation as to whether the person is able to maintain himself/herself and, if relevant, any dependants, during his or her stay in the UK (see the requirement above). For instance, although a person who is HIV positive may be well enough to work, study or undertake a visit, a person with full blown AIDS may not be capable.

A person with a serious illness who wishes to go to the UK for private medical treatment will have to meet the usual requirements of the Rules (see guidance in the Visits chapter).

You need normally only refer such applications to the Home Office for a decision when the circumstances are particularly difficult or sensitive.

If an applicant appears to be so ill that it is likely that he or she would require medical treatment while in the UK and the person could not meet the cost of the treatment privately, you should consider refusal under the general provisions of the Rules. Paragraph 37 of the Rules covers those who suffer from a disease or condition which would prevent them from supporting themselves or their dependants. Where you believe that a person intends to travel to the UK as a visitor in order to obtain free medical treatment, you may refuse entry because you are not satisfied that the applicant is genuinely seeking entry as a visitor. Visitors to the UK are not entitled to receive free National Health Service hospital treatment on a visit to the UK unless they are considered exempt from charge under NHS (Charges to Overseas Visitors) Regulations 1989, as amended. See Visits chapter for further details.


Surrogacy



Applications from women to enter or remain in the UK to act as surrogate mothers for friends or relatives should be rare.

There are no provisions in the Immigration Rules for a woman to be admitted for the purpose of being a surrogate mother. Admission as a visitor under the Immigration rules to act as a surrogate mother is inappropriate given the six month limit, as is admission for private medical treatment since the applicant would not be suffering from any medical condition.

An application on this basis should be considered according to the applicant’s individual circumstances which are likely by the nature of the application to involve particularly difficult compassionate factors. However, because of the complex legal and difficult ethical and practical problems which may arise the Government does not encourage the practice of surrogacy and consequently the UK Border Agency does not operate a concession outside the Rules to enable women to come to the UK for this purpose. An application from a woman to enter or extend her stay in the UK to act as a surrogate should normally be refused on the grounds that there is no provision in the Rules.


Tuberculosis (TB) testing programme


As part of the Five-year Strategy for Asylum and Immigration published in February 2005, the Government stated that there would be targeted health screening for tuberculosis (TB) in high-risk countries at the entry clearance stage. The initial phase of the programme has been in place since late 2005 in Bangladesh, Sudan, Tanzania and Thailand (Bangkok is also the designated entry clearance post for nationals of Cambodia and Laos). These countries were chosen as the first to be included in the programme as they have a high incidence of TB and represent a variety of entry clearance operations. The initial phase has allowed us to test the systems before further roll out.

The main phase of the programme has already been rolled out in Ghana, Kenya and Pakistan and may be extended to a further group of high risk countries.

Applicants from countries that are part of the programme applying for entry clearance valid for a stay longer than six months are required to produce a certificate showing that they are free from infectious TB. The testing procedure is outlined below.

If an applicant is not issued with a certificate because they have been found to have infectious TB, or refuses to produce one, but insists on making an application, you should accept it. But the application should be refused unless there are compelling compassionate circumstances. If you refuse the application, any other applicable reasons for refusal should be included in your refusal notice.
This requirement is in addition to the normal procedures for medical referrals, but any refusal will be under Paragraph 320(8) of the Rules, not 320(17). The applicant is refused for not producing a certificate, not for refusing to undergo a medical examination - see below under Refusals.


Compelling Compassionate circumstances


We think it is unlikely that there will be many applicants intending to come for more than six months who will fall into this category. But if there are urgent and compassionate reasons for them to travel, then it is at Posts' discretion whether to allow the application to continue without a certificate being held. If Posts do allow anyone to make their application without a certificate, they will be referred to the PMI on arrival at the port.


Exemptions


The following are exempt from the requirement:
  • holders of diplomatic passports travelling on official business or on a posting;
  • children under 11 years old;
  • returning residents;
  • Certificate of Entitlement holders.


Refusals


Any applicant who does not supply a certificate at the time of their application and is refused should have their application refused under Paragraph 320(8A) of the Immigration Rules, which states that:
where the person seeking leave is outside the United Kingdom, failure by him/her to supply any information, documents, copy documents or medical report requested by an Immigration Officer;
Suggested refusal wording (assuming there are no other reasons for refusal):
You have applied for entry clearance for the UK as a [reason for period over six months].
You intend to stay in the UK for more than six months and under Paragraph 320(8A) of the Immigration Rules you were requested to produce a certificate issued by an approved clinic showing that you are free from infectious tuberculosis. You have not produced such certificate. I therefore refuse your application.


Testing Procedure



The International Organisation for Migration (IOM) run the testing programme in the initial phase countries. Applicants must obtain a certificate from IOM before they make their entry clearance application. IOM will be responsible for accrediting the clinics and hospitals that do the testing and for ensuring that they meet the required standards.

Only IOM will issue certificates and these will have safeguards to avoid fraud. There will also be systems in place to stop applicants from submitting forged certificates.

Applicants will be required to pay for the cost of testing themselves. For exceptions please see below.
Any applicants found to have infectious TB will not be issued with a certificate, and will be advised by IOM to seek medical treatment. A full course of treatment would usually take around six months. After the treatment is complete, the applicant can pay to undergo a further test and, if found to be free from infectious TB, will be issued with a certificate.

Applicants issued with a visa are advised to carry the original certificate in their hand luggage to present to an immigratiion officer on arrival in the UK. Those not able to do so may be delayed, or referred to the Port Medical Inspector (PMI).


Exceptions and gratis testing


EEA family permit applicants are NOT exempt from the testing requirement.
Family Reunion applicants are required to undergo testing but they do not have to pay for their own tests. The Home Office pays the costs of their tests. Posts are responsible for ensuring that IOM staff are aware of what constitutes a family reunion applicant.

Scholarship Students and others who may be entitled to gratis testing

This guidance should be read in conjunction with the general guidance on TB screening.

Some students applying to study in the UK under government sponsored scholarship schemes (Chevening, Commonwealth Scholarship and Fellowship Plan - CSFP, Dorothy Hodgkins postgraduate, Scottish International and Overseas Research Student Award - ORSAS, are issued with gratis visas (sometimes at Posts' discretion), or have the cost of their visas refunded by, for example, the British Council or the awarding body. There may also be a limited number of applicants in other categories who are entitled to gratis visas, for whom Posts want also to provide gratis TB screening.

The introduction of TB screening will add an additional cost to some students' visa applications. Please follow this guidance when dealing with applicants under the various schemes.


Timing of TB testing



Scholarship students will not normally need to be tested until just before they apply for their visa, leading to a risk that any found to have TB may lose their scholarship because they are not able to travel until they have finished a course of treatment (usually six months). Posts may wish to consider advising potential scholarship applicants of this requirement at the very beginning of the process, so that they have sufficient time to be screened and treated, should they test positive.

We cannot, of course, enforce early testing and decision to do so lies with the applicant. If they choose to test early and use IOM, timing needs to be planned carefully, as a certificate is valid for only six months. Test too early and those testing negative would need to take, and payfor, another test before applying for their visa. Any testing positive would in any case need to be tested again, so timing is not so critical. We shall advise the scholarship awarding bodies along the same lines.


Who should pay for screening?

The general principle should be that the applicant pays for their test, but that if the scholarship awarding body wants to cover the cost, they should either provide the applicant with an advance of funds, or allow them to reclaim the fee. Posts may, at their discretion, pay for the cost of the test for FCO funded scholars (e.g Chevening).



UK Border Agency, Visa Services Directorate would expect the use of Posts' discretion to cover the test fee on behalf of an applicant to be very limited. This discretion also applies to those in other categories.

Sunday 1 February 2009

UK Business Visa



Business in UK is possible through a number of immigration services which allow people to migrate to the UK in order to start a business, invest in a business, become self employed, or pursue an innovative idea in UK.

Additionally, foreign companies with no presence in the United Kingdom may send a sole representative to the country in order to establish a British branch or subsidiary.

The sections in this page of the site will discuss in detail the various UK business visas.


Tier 1 - Entrepreneur


The Tier 1 Entrepreneur visa is for foreign nationals applying to immigrate to the UK based on a substantial investment, by starting or assuming control of a UK business without having the need for a sponsor. However, applicants still need to reach a specified points limit based on both general Tier 1 visa requirements and more specific criteria.


Criterion

25 Points: Applicant has at least £200,000
25 Points: Funds are held in a regulated financial institution
25 Points: Funds are disposable in the United Kingdom

English Language Ability

Applicants must show that they are profficient in English by proving one of the following:

  • They have passed a test in English equivalent to level C1 of the Council of Europe's Common European Framework for Language Learning (equivalent to a grade C or better at GCSE)
  • Come from a country where English is the majority language spoken
  • Have taken a degree taught in English (this is verified by using the National Academic Recognition Information Centre data)
Successful proof of one of these criteria will earn the required 10 points for the English language requirement.


Maintenance


Applicants from outside the country will be required to score ten points by proving they can support themselves and any dependants.

Startup Costs £400
Funds £2,400
Total £2,800

2/3 of the £2,400 is required for first dependent of the main applicant, and 1/3 for each subsequent dependant.


Tier 1 - Investor

The Tier 1 Investor visa is designed for those who intend to make a substantial investment in the UK.

Although this is also a requirement of the entrepreneur category, the investment sum for those in this category is much larger and no requirements to engage in business activities are in place.


Investor Criteria


75 points is needed to satisfy the requirements for the specific criteria under the Investors sub-category.

Applicants have at least £1,000,000 of their own money in a regulated financial institution in the UK, or

A) Own personal assets which exceed £2,000,000 in value, provided they are not subject to any liabilities; and

B) Have money under their control held in a regulated financial institution and disposable in the UK of at least £1,000,000, which may include money loaned to them provided it was loaned by a financial institution regulated by the Financial Services Authority.

English Language Ability


Because potential migrants applying under the Investor sub-category are not expected to need to work, the English language requirement is waived.

Maintenance


By definition, potential migrants applying under the Investor category are extremely wealthy and do not need to prove an ability to support themselves and their dependants. Therefore, this requirement has been waived for the Investor sub-category.

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